Physical health vector of female students from different populations and medical health groups

Abstract

Timely correction of students' educational process of physical education refers to an important and necessary and urgent problem of physical culture. Research aim. To conduct a comparative index assessment of female students' in various medical health groups for physical education physical development, body component composition and motor qualities with a significant time interval. Materials and methods. An index assessment of the 1368 in 17-20-year-old girls physical development was carried out in 2009-2010 (n = 756) and in 2019-2020 (n = 612) academic years. Physical development was assessed using the following indices: Quetelet; Quetelet II (BMI); Rohrer; Pinier; Erisman proportionality index; strength and Robinson index. In girls of all populations, the component composition of the body was studied with the calculation of the bone, fat and muscle composition of the body values according to Mateika formulas. Using motor tests, the state of physical fitness of all girls was studied. Results. It was found that the values of all female students' assigned to a special medical group anthropometric indices were significantly lower than such indicators values in girls of the main medical group in all years of observation, p<0.05. The results of the data analysis of the survey of girls' population in the 2019- 2020 academic year, compared with the data of female student’s survey in the 2009-2010 academic year, indicate a higher body weight, a deterioration in physique, a decrease in the strength abilities of modern girls. There was an increase in fat mass and the Robinson index in modern girls, which indicates a decrease in the reserve capacity of the heart muscle for physical exertion. This is confirmed by lower results of testing the motor qualities of girls surveyed in the 2019-2020 academic year. Conclusions. The data of the physical development monitoring in combination with the results of the analysis of the body component composition and physical fitness of female students in different populations and health groups allowed determining the vector of changes in physical health. The data obtained make it possible to make adjustments to the planning of the students' educational process of physical education.