High intensity interval training improves health-related quality of life in adults and older adults with diagnosed cardiovascular risk

Abstract

Background – The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of high intensity exercise on health-related quality of life in middle-aged and elderly people with diagnosed cardiovascular risk. Methods – 39 men and women (67.0 ± 6.7 years-old) were randomly assigned to 3 groups: a) Group 1 (CT) included strength training and continuous aerobic training; b) Group 2 (HIT) included strength training and high intensity interval aerobic training; c) Control Group (CON) included participants without formal physical exercise. Intervention lasted for 12 weeks (3 sessions/week, and 50 minutes/session). CT group used 60-70% of maximal heart rate (HRmax), while HIT group alternated between 55-65% and 80-90% HRmax. The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was assessed using the questionnaire Medical Outcomes Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Results – CT group improved general health (P = 0.031), while HIT group improved social functioning (P = 0.022), Physical Component Score (P = 0.042) and SF-36 Total (P = 0.032). CON group did not change HRQoL (P > 0.05). Conclusion – The high intensity interval training was the most effective to improve HRQoL, although some positive changes observed also after the continuous training, in middle-aged and elderly adults with diagnosed cardiovascular risk.