Individualization of martial arts training based on sensorimotor reaction analysis in students

Abstract

The mobility and lability of nervous processes, along with the speed of excitation propagation through reflex arcs, are crucial factors determining the effectiveness of an individual's preparation for sports training and competitive processes. The aim of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of complex visual–motor reactions to moving objects among student-athletes engaged in different forms of physical activity in martial arts, with the goal of personalizing educational and training sessions. Materials and methods: Fifty-seven male students participated in the experiment, including 32 without specific sports training and 25 with sports experience in sambo and aikido categories. The equipment used was the "TVES" visual-motor reaction console with integrated "Psychophysiology" software. The study used the method of reaction to a moving object. The number of accurate, advanced and delayed reactions, the average reaction time, and the balance of nervous processes were assessed. Results: Students with sports experience showed more stable functioning of the central nervous system, as well as better mobility and lability of nervous processes, which is confirmed by reliable values of the studied indicators. Conclusion. During the test, student-athletes showed a predominance of accurate reactions, a more stable change in excitation and inhibition. They had a higher speed of excitation along the reflex arc compared to students from the untrained group. The results of cluster analysis among students without sports experience indicate instability of nervous processes with a predominance of excitation or inhibition processes. In the group of student-athletes, nervous processes are more balanced, which can have a positive impact on sports results.